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Edward White Benson (14 July 1829 – 11 October 1896) was the Archbishop of Canterbury from 1883 until his death. == Life == Edward White Benson was born at Lombard Street in Highgate, Birmingham on 14 July 1829, the son of Birmingham chemical manufacturer Edward White Benson Sr. (26 August 1802 - 7 February 1843) and his wife Harriet Baker Benson (13 June 1805 - 29 May 1850).〔1841 census〕 He was educated at King Edward's School, Birmingham and Trinity College, Cambridge, where he graduated BA (8th classic) in 1852. Benson began his career as a schoolmaster at Rugby School in 1852, and was ordained deacon in 1852 and priest in 1857. In 1859 Benson was chosen by Prince Albert as the first Master (headmaster) of Wellington College, Berkshire, which had been built as the nation's memorial to the Duke of Wellington. Benson was largely responsible for establishing Wellington as a public school, closely modelled on Rugby School, rather than the military academy originally planned. From 1872 to 1877 he served as Chancellor of Lincoln Cathedral, and first Bishop of Truro from 1877–82. He founded Truro High School for Girls〔Amy Key Clarke, ''The Story of Truro High School, the Benson Foundation''. Truro: Oscar Blackford, 1979〕 in 1880. In 1883 he was appointed Archbishop of Canterbury. While at Canterbury, to avoid the prosecution before a lay tribunal of Edward King, Bishop of Lincoln, under the Public Worship Regulation Act 1874 for six ritual offences he heard the case in his own archiepiscopal court which had been inactive since 1699. 〔Chadwick, Owen ''The Victorian Church (Part II)'' Adam & Charles Black(1980) p.354〕 In his judgement (often called "the Lincoln Judgement"), he found against the Bishop on two points, with a proviso as to a third that, when performing the manual acts during the prayer of consecration in the Holy Communion service, the priest must stand so that they can be seen by the people. Benson also tried to amalgamate the two Convocations and the new houses of laity into a single assembly. In 1896 it was established that they could 'unofficially' meet together.〔Chadwick, Owen ''The Victorian Church (Part II)'' Adam & Charles Black(1980) p.365〕 In September of the same year, the papal apostolic letter ''Apostolicae curae'' was published and Benson had started to work on a reply before his sudden death of a heart attack while attending Sunday service in St. Deiniol's Church, Hawarden, Wales on 11 October 1896, while on a visit to former Prime Minister William Gladstone. Three days later his body was put on the train at Sandycroft station to be returned to London.〔(An article about the Archbishop's passing on the Flintshire website )〕 He was buried at Canterbury Cathedral, in a magnificent tomb located at the western end of the nave. His devotion to Saint Cyprian bore posthumous fruit with the publication of (''Cyprian, his life, his times, his work'' ) the following year.〔Cross & Livingstone ''The Oxford Dictionary of the Christian Church'' OUP(1974) art."Benson, Edward White"〕 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Edward Benson (bishop)」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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